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University of Nebraska–Lincoln

Plant Pathology

*Syllabus may change from year to year; this is only an example.

INTRODUCTORY PLANT PATHOLOGY

PLPT/BIOS 369

Philosophy, Procedures and Understandings for Class 2006


  1. PHILOSOPHY: Life is choices.
    I am pleased to teach this course and that you have chosen to be part of it. We are; therefore, entered into a contract of mutual responsibility. I anticipate that I will learn from you, you from me, and we from each other.

  2. LEVEL: This is a junior level University course.
    • The prerequisites for this course are College level Biology and/or Botany.
    • A working knowledge of Biological and Botanical terms and concepts.
    • As a junior level course, I anticipate that you will bring a junior level of understanding and preparation from all of your courses and experiences (life and academic) to our discussions.
  3. COURSE GOALS: This is an Introductory Plant Pathology course. Because it is an entry level course to a sub-discipline of biology and agriculture, among the goals of this course are an acquisition of facts and vocabulary. These goals may be accomplished by careful study of the text. Another goal is to acquire an understanding of the perspectives and problem solving processes used by Plant Pathologists. This goal will be pursued primarily in the classroom through the teaching method. It is obvious that daily preparation by the student is as integral to this class as preparation by the instructor.

  4. TEACHING METHOD: This class will be taught primarily by the a modified QAED (Question, Answer, Exposition, Discussion) method. Each class will center around questions which you, the students, provide on your blue cards. While I will be prepared to provide expository and expansory materials (usually via PowerPoint slides); the class will be given the primary opportunity to answer and discuss questions. With this method all class members (faculty, TA's, and students) are equally involved in, and responsible for, each phase of learning.

  5. TEXTBOOK:
    • Plant Pathology, 5th edition by George Agrios
      (Elsevier Academic Press, Burlington, MA , USA, 2005).

    This the latest revision of what has become, by default, the predominant Introductory Plant Pathology textbook used in the United States. In my opinion this edition is too advanced for an undergraduate class with our prerequisites; therefore, I will try to assist you to negotiate your way through the “essentials”.

  6. PREPARATION: In accord with University philosophy, you should anticipate spending six (6) hours/week outside of class in study, preparation, and other activities related to this three (3) unit course.

  7. WEB STUDY PAGES: This course is supported by a rather extensive set of Web-Study Pages.
    • These pages are provided to assist the student with pre-class preparation, in-class note taking, and post-class review.
    • These Web Study Pages are not intended to replace the required textbook
    • The student who attempts to take this class without benefit of the textbook will not receive the full benefit of the course.
  8. BLUE CARDS: Each student will be provided with index cards.
    • During the student's preparation time prior to each class, the student will write one (1), or more, questions on a card that the student would like to have answered in class.
    • The cards will be turned in prior to class.
    • In some classes the cards will be redistributed at random at the end of the class;
      • Students may be asked to indicate whether they feel the questions on the cards were answered.
      • Students may be asked to write a quiz question based on the day's class on the back of the card for the next class meeting.

    These cards are a very important communication device between the student and myself. These cards are used to assess level of pre-class preparation and how well the concepts of the class are being internalized by the student. A student who fails to turn in a card prior to class will not be recorded as in attendance. While attendance is not mandatory and no points are given for attendance; it is used at the end of the semester as an indicator of student commitment to learning. While non-attending students are not penalized for non-attendance neither will they be given extra consideration for improving their grades.
  9. INTEGRATIVE STUDIES: This course fulfills part of the Integrative Studies curriculum required of all University of Nebraska students. As such your active class participation is both expected and required. Therefore:
    • A. Class begins at 8:00 am sharp.
    • B. Class Attendance should NOT be regarded as optional. This is a Discussion based Active Learning class; therefore your opinion, knowledge, and insights are important to the entire class.
    • C. Your attendance in class will be taken as an indication that you have prepared BEFORE class by reading the appropriate library, reference and/or textual materials and are prepared to engage in discussion of the material.
    • D. When responding orally to questions in class, you may refer to any notes you have prepared; however, you may NOT refer directly to your text.
      • Question and Answer Etiquette
        • 1. Stand when responding to a question.
        • 2. You may ": Pass": if you can not, or do not care to, answer a question; however, remain standing.
        • 3. When asked to evaluate another's answer, do so in a positive manner.
        • 4. If you only know a partial answer you may ask your Working Group members to assist you.
        • 5. Do not answer a question with a question.
        • 6. After you answer the question, you may pursue the discussion with a question if you care to do so.
  10. WRITING:
    You will become a member of a Working Group for the purpose of working on;
    • 1. Review Papers ,
    • 2. in class responses,
    • 3. cooperative writing assignments,
    • 4. editing each others papers.
    • Working Groups are an integral part of the teaching/learning process in this course.
    • Formation of groups will occur early in the semester.
    • Once formed, each Working Group will remain unchanged for the semester.
    • These groups are designed for you to interact with students whose outlooks and interests are different from your own. In this setting you will provide your own point of view while learning to appreciate the opinion of another.
    • You are a team member and will be evaluated on how well you function as a team member. You are expected to be prepared (i.e. sharing of ignorance does not constitute learning) and a contributing member of your working group. If the group has a problem, it should attempt to rectify the problem on its own. If unsuccessful, JP may be asked to intervene.
  11. ACADEMIC DISHONESTY will result in a course grade of ": F ": and notification of appropriate University Offices.
  12. FAIRNESS: A class of this type depends upon a high fairness quotient; therefore, please do not make requests that cannot be uniformly applied to the entire class.
  13. WELCOME! You are welcome, encouraged, to drop by my office at any time if you have questions. If you make an appointment, you'll guarantee I'll be there.
  14. ACADEMICALLY DISADVANTAGED: If you know you are academically disadvantaged in this class, PLEASE, come see me EARLY in the course (during the first week is preferable).
    • Students with various learning disabilities have been quite successful in this course when they have allowed me to work to their advantage.
    • Unfortunately, some students, without learning disabilities, have been less than successful primarily because they were either not adequately prepared for the course or did not prepare for class, or both.
    • In all cases, solutions are more easily found when sought early.

  15. COME EARLY: JP will usually be in the classroom by 7:00 A.M. prior to each class. You are invited to use this time for Recitation/Question and Answer time.

  16. MASTERY LEARNING: Student performance in this class is assessed by the concept of "Mastery Learning”;
    in this class that is interpreted to mean that a "C" grade indicates that the student is Competent in the facts and can use generally use them to recognize and address plant pathological problems.

    Once the student has demonstrated factual competence, the demonstration of the ability to solve problems and synthesize logical answers to plant pathology related issues is the primary criterion for achieving the "A" and "B" grades.

  17. Interpreting Meaning of Letter Grades

    Whole Letter Grades only, no +’s or ’s; however, I reserve the right to add a + to a grade to recognize academic accomplishment.

    • A 90 – 100 = demonstrated a Mastery of Concepts and Facts and the ability to synthesize solutions to problems in a logical manner.

    • B 78 – 89 = demonstrated a Mastery of Concepts and Facts and the ability to apply them to the solution of problems.

    • C 66 – 77 = demonstrated a Competence in Concepts and Facts.

    • D 60 - 65 = may be Familiar with Concepts and Facts but does not use them accurately and consistently.

    • F < 60 = has not demonstrated Familiarity with Concepts and Facts, any use or application is of a superficial nature.

  18. COMPONENTS OF GRADING:
    Component
    Percent
    8 A.M. Quizzes / Class Participation 15%
    Individual Review Papers/Discussion (5% each) 10%
    Group Paper (5%), Case Study (15%) 20%
    Exams 55%
    TOTAL 100%

    Exam grading
    Midterm 1 (Score earned X 15%) 15%
    Midterm 2 (Score earned X 15%) 15%
    Midterm 3 (Score earned X 15%) 15%
    Final Exam (Score earned X 10%) 10%
    EXAM TOTAL
    55%

  19. 8 A.M. QUIZZES / CLASS PARTICIPATION:

    There will be a minimum of 20 three-minute quizzes (3 points per quiz).

    These will take place at either 8:00 A.M. or 8:47 A.M.

    The quizzes will be used to assess the student’s preparation for class and/or
    learning of a concept (or concepts) during class.

    The quizzes will always focus on material assigned for each class.

    This class is a discussion based class.

    Students who are not prepared and/or do not actively participate in the class
    will be encouraged to be more active.

    Those who do not actively participate in class will receive negative marks
    on the Quizzes/Class Participation component.

  20. Review Papers and Discussion:

    A class period is reserved for discussion of each Review Paper Assignment.

    All students are expected to actively participate in these discussions.

    Students who do not attend the discussion class or do not participate in the discussions can expect to receive NO credit for the entire assignment.

  21. CASE STUDY
    • The Case Study will be given out as indicated on the syllabus.
    • The responses are due at 8 A.M. on the day indicated.
    • No papers will be accepted after 9 A.M. - no exceptions.
    • Written responses to the case studies are to be returned in as follows:
      • A polished, edited, and professional paper drafted by the entire group.
      • Any paper that is poorly edited will interpreted to indicate that there was insufficient group participation and will be immediately devalued by 20%.
      • It is acceptable to rotate the authorship responsibility; however, be sure that all members contribute written materials,discuss, read and edit the responses.
      • A rough draft by each member of the group (be sure names are on the drafts).
      • These drafts may be quite "rough". The content of these "roughs" should indicate that each member prepared materials separately for the paper.
  22. GROUP GRADING PROCESS:

    A peer evaluation sheet will be filled in individually and confidentially by
    each group member evaluating the contribution of each of the
    other members.

    Each member will evaluate only the other members of the group.

    All members of a Working Group will receive the same initial point value for
    the paper from the instructor.

    The final score for the paper will be the instructor's score modified by the
    values evaluated by the group members.

  23. EXAMS:

    Exams will be cover; all classroom activities, web study pages, library references, handout materials, and the corresponding material in the textbook.

  24. There will be NO MAKE-UP EXAMS . If you miss an exam, you must accept a zero for the exam or contract to have the additional percentage added to your final exam value.
  25. MIDTERMS (Two types of questions)

    1. Concepts and Principles
      1. Ten potential essay-type exam questions will be posted on the web page for one week prior to the exam.
      2. On exam day; one student, acting on behalf of the class, will randomly select five questions.
      3. Each student will select four, of the five randomly drawn questions to answer.
    2. Diseases
      1. Each midterm exam will have one question on a specific disease listed in the syllabus up to that date in the class.
      2. The disease question may/will cover any materials available including, but not limited to; Disease Couplet, Disease Cycle, Plant Health Management, Host, Pathogen, Environment, Disease Triangle., etc.
    3. All questions (Four - Concepts and Principles, and one- Diseases) will have equal value.
  26. MIDTERM OPTIONS,
    1. A student may either accept the score earned or reject the score.
    2. If A student decides to reject the score, s/he may contract to have her/his final exam count for an additional 15% towards the final grade and delete the mid-term score.
    3. If A student decides to do this, he/she must provide a signed written statement to that effect to JP within 48 hrs of the return the mid-term exam to the class.
    4. With prior notification (written or E-mail) to the Instructor; a student may opt not to take any of all of the mid-terms by contracting 15% for each missed mid-term be added to the Final Exam value. (This is NOT recommended but it is an option ).
    5. CAVEAT: A student that does not take a midterm and does not notify the instructor either prior to or before the end of the exam period will receive a zero (0) for the exam and will not be accorded to option of applying the percentage to the final exam.
    6. Contracts, once signed and submitted, are not reversible by the student.
  27. FINAL EXAMINATION
    1. The final examination will consist of one question. It will be comprehensive over entire semester and will be intended to require the student to analyze and synthesize information and draw a defendable conclusion.
    2. Two potential Final essay questions will be posted on the web page for one week prior to the exam. On exam day, one student will randomly select one question.
  28. PASS / NO PASS
      Reasoning for PASS/NO PASS Grading;
    • Students taking this class on a PASS / NO PASS basis must demonstrate more than Familiarity/Competence,
    • and
    • because the 25+ year average in this class is over 81%,
    • therefore, 78% will be the minimum for PASS.

    Plant Pathology 369 - Class Schedule 2006



    Class Date Reading Class Preparation/Class Topic Assignments Disease Example
    Week One
    1

    Aug. 21 Intro M Expectation, Realities, Formats, Evaluation, Review Papers Explained
    2 Aug. 23 Ch 1
    M
    Concepts of Health and Disease Review Paper #1
    Soybean Rust
    3 Aug. 25 Ch 1
    M
    Koch's Postulates Terminology

    Working Group Applications Due
    Fire Blight of Apple and Pear
    Week Two
    4 Aug. 28 Ch 14
    M
    Pathogenic Taxon
    Viruses
    Conveners Appointed Tobacco Mosaic
    5 Aug. 3 Ch 15
    M

    Nematodes
    Review Paper #1
    (Due 8 A.M.)

    Working Group Selection
    Pine Wilt
    6 Sept. 1 M Review Paper 1 Discussion

    Week Three

    Sept. 4
    Academic Holiday Review Paper #2

    7 Sept. 6 Ch 12
    M
    Bacteria
    Fire Blight of Apple and Pear
    8 Sept. 8 Ch 11
    M
    True Fungi:
    Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes

    Early Blight of Tomato
    Corn Smut
    Week Four
    9 Sept. 11 Ch 11
    M
    Fungal-like Organisms:
    Protists and Chromists
    Review Paper #2
    (Due 8 A.M.)
    Late Blight of Potato
    10 Sept. 13
    Review Paper 2 Discussion Mid Term 1
    Study Ques. (out);
    Black Spot of Rose
    11 Sept. 15 Ch 1
    &
    Ch 2

    Naming Terminology

    Signs and Symptoms
    Individual Plants and Populations


    Botanical Terms
    Plant Taxonomy

    Rusts of Turfgrass
    Grey Leaf Spot of Corn
    Tar Spot of Maple
    Tulip Breaking
    Fire Blight of Apple and Pear
    Seed Gall of Wheat
    Sorghum Ergot
    Phytophthora Root Rot of Alfalfa
    Crown Gall
    Rhizoctonia Brown Patch of Turf
    Cedar Apple Rust

    Week Five
    12 Sept. 18 Ch 2 Disease Diagnosis
    Gross Observation
    Culture and Microscopic Examination
    Molecular Methods

    Summer Patch of Cool
    Season Turf Grasses
    Dutch Elm Disease
    13 Sept. 20 Mid-Term 1
    14 Sept. 22 Ch 8 Plant Disease Epidemiology Simple Interest Computation Cedar Apple Rust
    Corn Stalk Rot
    Stem Rust of Wheat
    Week Six
    15 Sept. 25 Ch 8 Plant Disease Epidemiology Compound Interest Computation Grey Leaf Spot of Corn
    Late Blight of Potato
    Summer Patch of Turf
    Cedar Apple Rust
    16 Sept. 27 Ch 2 Parasites and Disease Development
    Pre penetration Phenomena, Penetration
    Group Review Papers #3 Bean Rust
    Root Knot Nematode
    Late Blight of Potato
    Halo Blight of Beans
    17 Sept. 29 Ch 2 Parasites and Disease Development
    Reproduction, Overseasoning

    Bean Rust
    Soybean Cyst Nematode
    White Mold of Beans
    Halo Blight of Beans
    Week Seven
    18 Oct. 2 Ch 5 How Pathogens Attack Plants
    Recognition of Host Surface,
    Enzymatic infection process
    Plant Anatomy
    Leaf Anatomy
    Enzymology
    Papaya anthracnose
    Early blight of tomato
    Bean Rust
    Damping off
    19 Oct. 4 Ch 5
    M
    How Pathogens Attack Plants
    Toxins
    Review Paper 3
    (Due 8 A.M.)
    Cell Membranes
    Mitochondria
    Cell Metabolism Respiration
    Southern Corn Leaf Blight
    Victoria disease of oats
    20 Oct. 6
    Review Paper 3 Discussion
    Club Rot of Crucifiers
    Crazy Top of Corn
    Aster Yellows
    Phytoplasm of Periwinkle
    Week Eight
    21 Oct. 9 Ch 8 Plant Disease Epidemiology

    Case Study Explanation

    Case Study
    (out)
    Grey Leaf Spot of Corn
    22 Oct. 11 Ch 5
    M

    How Pathogens Attack Plants
    Growth Regulators


    Oleander Knot
    23 Oct.13 Ch 4 Pathogenesis
    Specific Disease Examples

    Fusarium Wilt of Tomato
    Goss' Wilt of Corn
    Week Nine

    Oct. 16
    Fall Break

    24 Oct. 18
    Review and Discussion

    25 Oct. 20 Mid-Term 2 (Comprehensive)
    Week Ten
    26 Oct. 23 Ch 3 Pathogen Effects on Physiological Functions Movement of Water Vascular Anatomy of Monocots and Dicots
    Plant Physiology
    Transpiration
    Powdery Mildew of Wheat
    27 Oct. 25 Ch 3 Pathogen Effects on Physiological Functions
    Respiration

    Corn Lethal Necrosis
    28 Oct. 27 Ch 3 Pathogen Effects on Physiological Functions
    Transcription and Translation
    Mid Term 2
    Study Ques. (out);

    Week Eleven
    29 Oct. 30 Ch 4 Genetics and Plant Disease Pathogen Variability Mendelian Genetics
    Molecular Genetics
    Replication
    Flax Rust
    Stem Rust of Wheat
    Late Blight of Potato
    Southern Corn Leaf Blight
    30 Nov. 1 Ch 4

    Genetics and Plant Disease Host Variability Variation in Nature


    Bacterial Blight of Soybean
    Stalk Rot of Corn
    31 Nov. 3 Ch 6 How Plants Defend Themselves Against Pathogens Pre-Existing or Non-Induced
    Shot Hole of Cherry
    Onion Smudge
    Week Twelve
    32 Nov. 6 Ch 6 How Plants Defend Themselves Against Pathogens Induced - Phytoalexins
    Phytophthora Root and
    Stem rot
    Soybean Bacterial Blight
    Pythium Root Rot of Peas
    33 Nov. 8 Ch 6 How Plants Defend Themselves Against Pathogens Induced - HRP and Apoptosis
    Flax Rust
    Late Blight of Potato
    Southern Corn Leaf Blight
    34 Nov. 10 Ch 6 How Plants Defend Themselves Against Pathogens
    Induced - Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR)


    Week Thirteen
    35 Nov. 13 Ch 7 Effect of Environment on Development of Disease

    36 Nov. 15

    Classical Plant Diseases You Should Know
    and Why You Should Know Them
    (Part 1)


    37 Nov. 17
    Classical Plant Diseases You Should Know
    and Why You Should Know Them
    (Part 2)

    Week Fourteen
    38 Nov. 20 Case Group Meetings


    Nov. 22
    Student Holiday

    Nov. 24
    Thanksgiving Vacation Mid Term 3 Study Ques. (out);
    Week Fifteen
    39 Nov. 27 Ch 9 Strategies for Plant Health Management Chemical Approaches Inorganic Chemistry
    Organic Chemistry
    Immunology
    Systems Analysis

    40 Nov. 29 Ch 9 Strategies for Plant Health Management

    41 Dec. 1 Mid-Term 3 (Comprehensive)
    Week Sixteen
    42 Dec. 4
    Case Study Presentations
    43 Dec. 4
    Case Study Presentations FINAL EXAM
    STUDY QUES.
    44 Dec.6
    Case Study Presentations
    and
    Final Discussion


    WEDNESDAY - 11 December 2006 FINAL 7:30-9:30 a.m.

     

    GLOSSARY - American Phytopathological Society

    Questions, Comments, Complaints and Complements?

    This page is authored and maintained by:

    Dr. J.E. Partridge, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

    E-mail General References

    Copyright (C) 2006 J.E. Partridge, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. All Rights Reserved.